Dental and Medical Myths

Now scientists have revolutionary thinking about using a new type of pacemaker. It is already used in animal to gain assurance about its further uses. It's called pacemaker of its own heart.

Pacemaker or artificial pacemaker, its not heart's natural pacemaker. It is a medical device that uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contacting the heart muscles, to keep the normal beating of the heart. The primary function of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, if there natural pacemaker of hearts is not fast enough, or there is a heart block. A group of Scientists of Seder- Sinai Heart Institute have got a success. Human heart is made of millions of cell. But among them only 10 thousand cell contribute to pacemaker and make heart beats. For aging or other heart diseases when heart rate become high or low then electronic pacemaker is used to keep it normal.. But using this electronic device there remain some complications to risk. For consideration to low the risk scientists have used genetic recombination by replacing T BX-18 gene via a virus to cells of the heart, which can make normal heart rate in its own heart.....

 Oral Cancer

Oral cancer in medical term most commonly recognized as oral carcinoma. In Asian countries like India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh cancer of the mouth accounts for approximately 40% or more. And it also accounts for only about 25 of all malignant tumours in such countries as the UK and the USA. Over 70% of oral cancers arised from on the lateral borders of the tongue and asjacent alveolar region and floor of the mouth. 95% cases are well or moderately well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral cancer is a age-related disease and more frequenty seen in those aged 30-50.

Probable Causes are Tobacco chewing, alcohol consumption, betel quid habit.

Infections like Shyphilis, Candidosis and other viral infections are sometimes responsible.

Other mucosal dieseases like Oral epithelial dysplasia, Lichen planus, Oral submucous fibrosis can cause oral cancer.

 Clinical features

In earky stage it appears as white or red paches or ulcers, sometimes may be painless or sligthly sore. later it become large and painful. It may spreads by diresct invasion by surrounding tissue and by lymphatic metastasis. The submandibular and jugolodigastric lymphnode are most commonly involved.

Investigation

• Investigation is done by Biopsy  

• Imaging for oral cavity cancers and FNAC

Treatment

In practice most cases are trested by surgery combined wuth radiotherapy. surgery alone is preffered for small carcinomas of the tongue thet may be easily excised. And if it involed bones then it depend upon surrounding region. Sometimes partial mandibulectomy( removal of a part of mandible) or hemi-mandibulectomy(removal of half portion of lower jaw in figure) is done. Partial parts of removed jaw is retained by re-construction plate(Radiographic figure).